Pengaruh Latihan Teratur Terhadap Kadar Circulating Endothelial Cells (Cec) Tikus Strain Wistar
Keywords:
Circulating endothelial cells, regular exercise, endothelial function.
Abstract
Circulating endothelial cells (CEC) have been identified as an indication of vascular damage in several diseases, one of which is atherosclerosis coronary heart disease. This study aims to see the effect of regular exercise on CEC levels. The sample used are male rats of the type rattus norvegicus wistar strain, aged 8-10 weeks, body weight 80-110 grams. Healthy rats are taken from specially recommended farms. The total sample consisted of 10 rats, divided into two groups in which the control group consisted of 5 rats and the regular exercise treatment group consisted of 5 rats. Treatment of regular exercise (swimming) for 12 weeks. The finding of this study is that regular exercise can affect the number of Circulating Endothelial Cells (CEC), but the decrease is not significant (p=0.116) compared to the control group. Regular exercise improves endothelial function, characterized by a decrease in the number of CEC.
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References
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Agtmaal, E. L. van, Bierings, R., Dragt, B. S., Leyen, T. A., Fernandez-Borja, M., Horrevoets, A. J. G., & Voorberg, J. (2012). The Shear Stress-Induced Transcription Factor KLF2 Affects Dynamics and Angiopoietin-2 Content of Weibel-Palade Bodies. PLOS ONE, 7(6), e38399. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0038399
Benjamin, E. J., Virani, S. S., Callaway, C. W., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., … Muntner, P. (2018). Heart disease and stroke statistics - 2018 update: A report from the American Heart Association. Circulation, 137(12), E67–E492. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000558
Chacon, D., & Fiani, B. (2020). A Review of Mechanisms on the Beneficial Effect of Exercise on Atherosclerosis. Cureus, 12(11). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.11641
Erdbruegger, U., Haubitz, M., & Woywodt, A. (2006, November). Circulating endothelial cells: A novel marker of endothelial damage. Clinica Chimica Acta, Vol. 373, pp. 17–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2006.05.016
Farinacci, M., Krahn, T., Dinh, W., Volk, H.-D., Düngen, H.-D., Wagner, J., … von Ahsen, O. (2019). Circulating endothelial cells as biomarker for cardiovascular diseases. Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 3(1), 49–58. https://doi.org/10.1002/rth2.12158
Gimbrone, M. A., & García-Cardeña, G. (2016). Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and the Pathobiology of Atherosclerosis. Circulation Research, 118(4), 620–636. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.306301
Godo, S., & Shimokawa, H. (2017, September 1). Endothelial Functions. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Vol. 37, pp. e108–e114. https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.117.309813
Goon, P. K. Y., Boos, C. J., Stonelake, P. S., Blann, A. D., & Lip, G. Y. H. (2006). Detection and quantification of mature circulating endothelial cells using flow cytometry and immunomagnetic beads: A methodological comparison. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 96(1), 45–52. https://doi.org/10.1160/TH06-04-0185
Kawamura, T., & Muraoka, I. (2018). Exercise-induced oxidative stress and the effects of antioxidant intake from a physiological viewpoint. Antioxidants, Vol. 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox7090119
Krüger-Genge, A., Blocki, A., Franke, R.-P., & Jung, F. (2019). Vascular Endothelial Cell Biology: An Update. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2019, Vol. 20, Page 4411, 20(18), 4411. https://doi.org/10.3390/IJMS20184411
Lanza, G. A., Golino, M., Villano, A., Lanza, O., Lamendola, P., Fusco, A., & Leggio, M. (2020). Cardiac Rehabilitation and Endothelial Function. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(8), 2487. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082487
Li, C., Wu, Q., Liu, B., Yao, Y., Chen, Y., Zhang, H., … Ge, S. (2013). Detection and Validation of Circulating Endothelial Cells, a Blood-based Diagnostic Marker of Acute Myocardial Infarction. PLOS ONE, 8(3), e58478. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0058478
Norton, K., Norton, L., & Sadgrove, D. (2009). Position statement on physical activity and exercise intensity terminology. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 13, 496–502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2009.09.008
Pahwa, R., & Jialal, I. (2021). Atherosclerosis. Medicine (Spain), 13(36), 2063–2070. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507799/
Powers, S. K., Deminice, R., Ozdemir, M., Yoshihara, T., Bomkamp, M. P., & Hyatt, H. (2020). Exercise-induced oxidative stress: Friend or foe? Journal of Sport and Health Science, 9(5), 415–425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.04.001
Press Release, World Heart Day PERKI 2019 - News & Event | Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Kardiovaskuler Indonesia (PERKI). (n.d.). Retrieved April 22, 2021, from http://www.inaheart.org/news_and_events/news/2019/9/26/press_release_world_heart_day_perki_2019
Ross, M. D. (2018). Endothelial Regenerative Capacity and Aging: Influence of Diet, Exercise and Obesity. Current Cardiology Reviews, 14(4), 233–244. https://doi.org/10.2174/1573403X14666180726112303
Sapp, R. M., Evans, W. S., Eagan, L. E., Chesney, C. A., Zietowski, E. M., Prior, S. J., … Hagberg, J. M. (2019). The effects of moderate and high-intensity exercise on circulating markers of endothelial integrity and activation in young, healthy men. Journal of Applied Physiology, 127(5), 1245–1256. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00477.2019
Souza, L. V., De Meneck, F., Oliveira, V., Higa, E. M., Akamine, E. H., & do Carmo Franco, M. (2019). Beneficial impact of moderate to vigorous physical activity program on circulating number and functional capacity of endothelial progenitor cells in children: The crucial role of nitric oxide and VEGF-A. Pediatric Exercise Science, 31(3), 322–329. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.2018-0178
Whyte, J. J., & Laughlin, M. H. (2010). The effects of acute and chronic exercise on the vasculature. Acta Physiologica (Oxford, England), 199(4), 441. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1748-1716.2010.02127.X
Wihastuti, T. A., Sargowo, D., Agoes, A., & Heriansyah, T. (n.d.). Level of Circulating Endothelial Cells and Expression of Nuclear Factor Kappa Beta of Human’s Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Subjects with Certain Conditions.
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2022-03-31
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