Pengaruh persentase lemak tubuh terhadap kapasitas aerobik atlet sepak bola profesional
Keywords:
Football athlete, body fat percentage, aerobic capacity, VO2 Max
Abstract
Football is a high-intensity sport with a wide variety of movements. Football athletes, especially professional athletes, must have the optimal aerobic capacity (VO2 Max) to achieve best performance in every match. One of the factors that influences VO2 Max is body fat percentage. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of body fat percentage on maximal aerobic capacity in Indonesian professional football athletes. This research is an analytical cross-sectional study with the data collection method from tests and measurement. The population in this study was football players of Bhayangkara Football Club that participated in Liga 1 Indonesia 2021/2022. The research was conducted among 27 players that were taken by the saturated sampling method. The body fat percentage was measured using skinfold thickness Jackson Pollock 7 sites. The VO2 Max was determined by Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 2. The result showed a negative correlation between body fat percentage and VO2 Max (p = 0,042). It points out that body fat percentage has an effect on maximal aerobic capacity; the lower body fat percentage, the higher aerobic capacity of professional football players.
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References
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Bloomfield, J., Polman, R., & O'Donoghue, P. (2007). Physical demands of different positions in fa premier league soccer. Journal of sports science & medicine, 6(1), 63–70.
Burke, L.M., Close, G.L., Mooses, M., Morton, J.P., & Tenforde, A.S. (2018). Relative energy deficiency in sport in male athletes: A commentary on its presentation among selected groups of male athletes. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 28(4), 364-374. 10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0182
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Najafi, A., Shakerian, S., Habibi, A., & Shabani, M.. (2015). The comparison of some anthropometric, body composition indexes and VO2max of Ahwaz elite soccer players of different playing positions. Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports, (9), 64-68. 10.15561/18189172.2015.0910
Powers, S.K. & Howley, E.T. (2018). Exercise Physiology: Theory and Application to Fitness and Performance (10th Ed). New York: McGraw Hill.
Santos, D.A., Dawson, J.A., Matias, C.N., Rocha, P.M., Minderico, C.S., Allison, D.B., Sardinha, L.B., & Silva, A.M. (2014). Reference Values for Body Composition and anthropometric measurements in athletes. Plos One, 9(5), e97846. 10.1371/journal.pone.0097846
Scheunemann, T. (2014). Ayo Indonesia! Kurikulum dan Pedoman Dasar Sepak Bola Indonesia (Ed.1). Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka.
Senefeld, J.W & Hunter, S.K. (2019). Are masters athletic performances predictive of human aging in men and women? Movement & Sport Science, (104), 5-12. https://doi.org/10.1051/sm/2019018
Slimani, M., Miarka, B., & Bragazzi, N. (2019). Maximum oxygen uptake of male soccer players according to their competitive level, playing position and age group: Implication from a network meta-analysis. Journal of human kinetics, 66, 233–245. 10.2478/hukin-2018-0060
Spehnjak, M., Gusic, M., & Molnar, S. (2021). Body composition in elite soccer players from youth to senior squad. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(9), 4982. 10.3390/ijerph18094982
Young, S. (2020). OCR A-Level Physical Education: Student Guide 1 Physiological Factors Affecting Performance. London: Hodder Education Group.
Akenhead, R. (2014). Examining the physical and physiological demands of elite football. [Tesis doktoral, Northumbria University]. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265049750_Examining_the_Physical_and_Physiological_Demands_of_Elite_Football
Anderson, L., Close, G., Morgans, R., & Hambly, C. (2018). Case Study: Assessment of energy expenditure of a professional goalkeeper from the english premier league using the doubly labeled water method. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, (14), 1-13. 10.1123/ijspp.2018-0520
Bahtra, R., Asmawi, M., Dlis, F., & Widiastuti. (2020). Improved VO2 Max: The effectiveness of basic soccer training at a young age. International Journal of Human Movement and Sport Sicences, 8(3), 97-102. 10.13189/saj.2020.080304
Bangsbo, J. (2014). Physiological demands of football. Sports Science Exchange, 17(125), 1-6.
Bloomfield, J., Polman, R., & O'Donoghue, P. (2007). Physical demands of different positions in fa premier league soccer. Journal of sports science & medicine, 6(1), 63–70.
Burke, L.M., Close, G.L., Mooses, M., Morton, J.P., & Tenforde, A.S. (2018). Relative energy deficiency in sport in male athletes: A commentary on its presentation among selected groups of male athletes. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 28(4), 364-374. 10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0182
Casajús, J.A., Llorente, Á.M., Herrero, H., Rodríguez, G.V., Agüero, A.G. (2015). Body fat in elite Spanish football referees and assistants: A 1-year follow-up study. Apunts Sports Medicine, 51(189), 21-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apunts.2015.06.002
Cavia, M.M., Moreno, A., Fernández-Trabanco, B., Carrillo, C., & Alonso-Torre, S.R . (2019). Anthropometric characteristics and somatotype of professional soccer players by position. Journal of Sports, Medicine, and Therapy, (4), 073-080. 10.29328/journal.jsmt.1001047
Damayanti, C. & Adriani, M. (2021). Correlation between percentage of body fat with speed dand cardiorespiratory endurance among futsal athletes in surabaya. National Nutrition Journal, 16(1), 53-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mgi.v16i1.53-61
Duren, D. L., Sherwood, R. J., Czerwinski, S. A., Lee, M., Choh, A. C., Siervogel, R. M., & Cameron Chumlea, W. (2008). Body composition methods: comparisons and interpretation. Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2(6), 1139–1146. https://doi.org/10.1177/193229680800200623
Figueiredo, D.H, Figueiredo, D.H., Dourado, A.C., Stanganelli, L.C., Gonzalves, H.C. (2021). Evaluation of body composition and its relationship with physical fitness in professional soccer players at the beginning of pre-season. Retos, 40, 117-125.
Fitra, N. & Noordia, A. (2015). Hubungan persentase lemak tubuh terhadap kemampuan vo2 max pada atlet gulat kota surabaya. Jurnal Kesehatan Olahraga, 3(3), 118-124.
Gardasevic, J., Bjelica, D., Vasiljevic, I., Arifi, F., & Sermaxhaj, S. (2019). Body composition of elite soccer players from Montenegro and Kosovo. Sport Mont, 17(3), 27-31. 10.26773/smj.191011
IFAB (2020). Laws of the Game 2020/21. The International Football Association Board. Tersedia pada: https://www.theifab.com/documents/
Jayanti, R., Huldani, & Asnawati. (2019). Hubungan persen lemak tubuh dengan kapasitas oksigen maksimal pada calon jemaah haji. Homeostasis, 2(1), 87-92.
Liu, T., Yang, L., Chen, H., Alcaraz, A.G. (2021). Impact of Possession and Player Position on Physical and Technical-Tactical Performance Indicators in the Chinese Football Super League. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 722200. 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.722200
Mills, C., Croix, M., Cooper, S.M. (2017). The Importance of Measuring Body Composition in Professional Football Players: A Commentary. Sports and Exercise Medicine - Open Journal, 3(1), 24-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17140/SEMOJ-3-144
Modric, T., Versic, S., & Sekulic, D. (2020). Aeoribic fitness and game performance indicators in professional football players: playing position specific and associations. Heliyon, 6(11), e05427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05427.
Najafi, A., Shakerian, S., Habibi, A., & Shabani, M.. (2015). The comparison of some anthropometric, body composition indexes and VO2max of Ahwaz elite soccer players of different playing positions. Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports, (9), 64-68. 10.15561/18189172.2015.0910
Powers, S.K. & Howley, E.T. (2018). Exercise Physiology: Theory and Application to Fitness and Performance (10th Ed). New York: McGraw Hill.
Santos, D.A., Dawson, J.A., Matias, C.N., Rocha, P.M., Minderico, C.S., Allison, D.B., Sardinha, L.B., & Silva, A.M. (2014). Reference Values for Body Composition and anthropometric measurements in athletes. Plos One, 9(5), e97846. 10.1371/journal.pone.0097846
Scheunemann, T. (2014). Ayo Indonesia! Kurikulum dan Pedoman Dasar Sepak Bola Indonesia (Ed.1). Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka.
Senefeld, J.W & Hunter, S.K. (2019). Are masters athletic performances predictive of human aging in men and women? Movement & Sport Science, (104), 5-12. https://doi.org/10.1051/sm/2019018
Slimani, M., Miarka, B., & Bragazzi, N. (2019). Maximum oxygen uptake of male soccer players according to their competitive level, playing position and age group: Implication from a network meta-analysis. Journal of human kinetics, 66, 233–245. 10.2478/hukin-2018-0060
Spehnjak, M., Gusic, M., & Molnar, S. (2021). Body composition in elite soccer players from youth to senior squad. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(9), 4982. 10.3390/ijerph18094982
Young, S. (2020). OCR A-Level Physical Education: Student Guide 1 Physiological Factors Affecting Performance. London: Hodder Education Group.
Published
2022-03-31
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Artikel
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