Indeks Massa Tubuh sebagai Prediktor Performa pada Atlet Akuatik
Keywords:
IMT, Akuatik, Atlet, MSST
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the validity of Body Mass Index (BMI) as a predictor of performance in aquatic athletes based on the Multistage Shuttle Swim Test (MSST). An ex post facto research design with a correlational approach was employed. The participants consisted of 66 national and regional-level aquatic athletes from West Java Province, representing swimming, water polo, and finswimming. BMI was measured using the Tanita Body Composition Analyzer 360, while performance was assessed using the MSST. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation as well as non-parametric Kendall’s tau-b and Spearman’s rho tests with a significance level set at p < 0.05. The results indicated no significant correlation between BMI and MSST performance (r = 0.136; p = 0.276). These findings confirm that BMI is not a valid predictor of performance in aquatic athletes.
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References
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Zamparo, P., Capelli, C., & Pendergast, D. (2011). Energetics of swimming: A historical perspective. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 111(3), 367–378. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-010-1433-7
Dopsaj, M., Zuoziene, I. J., Milić, R., Cherepov, E., Erlikh, V., Masiulis, N., Di Nino, A., & Vodičar, J. (2020). Body composition in international sprint swimmers: Are there any relations with performance? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(24), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249464
El Muniri, A. B., Sulistyorini, S., & Supriatna, S. (2022). Hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh, Kekuatan Otot Lengan, dan Kekuatan Otot Tungkai dengan Kecepatan Renang Gaya Bebas Pada Atlet Renang Vyati Swimming Klub Kota Batu. Sport Science and Health, 4(3), 194–199. https://doi.org/10.17977/um062v4i32022p194-199
Fernando, H. A., Zibellini, J., Harris, R. A., Seimon, R. V., & Sainsbury, A. (2019). Effect of ramadan fasting on weight and body composition in healthy non-athlete adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients, 11(2), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11020478
Gagnon, C. M., Steiper, M. E., & Pontzer, H. (2018). Elite swimmers do not exhibit a body mass index trade-off across a wide range of event distances. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 285(1882). https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0684
Hermassi, S., van den Tillaar, R., Bragazzi, N. L., & Schwesig, R. (2021). The Associations Between Physical Performance and Anthropometric Characteristics in Obese and Non-obese Schoolchild Handball Players. Frontiers in Physiology, 11(January), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.580991
Heydenreich, J., Kayser, B., Schutz, Y., & Melzer, K. (2017). Total Energy Expenditure, Energy Intake, and Body Composition in Endurance Athletes Across the Training Season: A Systematic Review. Sports Medicine - Open, 3(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-017-0076-1
Jürimäe, J., Haljaste, K., Cicchella, A., Lätt, E., Purge, P., Leppik, A., & Jürimäe, T. (2007). Analysis of swimming performance from physical, physiological, and biomechanical parameters in young swimmers. Pediatric Exercise Science, 19(1), 70–81. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.19.1.70
Keiner, M., Yaghobi, D., Sander, A., Wirth, K., & Hartmann, H. (2015). The influence of maximal strength performance of upper and lower extremities and trunk muscles on different sprint swim performances in adolescent swimmers. Science and Sports, 30(6), e147–e154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2015.05.001
Martinez, S., Pasquarelli, B. N., Romaguera, D., Arasa, C., Tauler, P., & Aguilo, A. (2010). A c n p y a s. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(4), 1126–1133.
Martín-Rodríguez, A., Belinchón-deMiguel, P., Rubio-Zarapuz, A., Tornero-Aguilera, J. F., Martínez-Guardado, I., Villanueva-Tobaldo, C. V., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2024). Advances in Understanding the Interplay between Dietary Practices, Body Composition, and Sports Performance in Athletes. Nutrients, 16(4), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16040571
Melchiorri, G. (2006). Original articles. European Journal of General Practice, 12(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1080/13814780600816504
Parlov, J., Low, A., Lovric, M., & Kern, R. (2020). Body mass index, body image dissatisfaction, and eating disorder symptoms in female aquatic sports: Comparison between artistic swimmers and female water polo players. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(April 2022), 2159–2166. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2020.s3290
Pendergast, D. R., Moon, R. E., Krasney, J. J., Held, H. E., & Zamparo, P. (2015). Human physiology in an aquatic environment. Comprehensive Physiology, 5(4), 1705–1750. https://doi.org/10.1002/cphy.c140018
Pyne, D. B., Anderson, M. E., & Hopkins, W. G. (2006). Monitoring changes in lean mass of elite male and female swimmers. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 1(1), 14–26. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.1.1.14
Thuany, M., Hill, L., Alvero-Cruz, J. R., Knechtle, B., & Gomes, T. N. (2023). The Relationship Between Training Volume and BMI in the Expression of Running Performance in Runners: A Mediation Model. Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise, 5(2), 142–148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42978-022-00172-2
Walsh, J., Heazlewood, I. T., & Climstein, M. (2018). Body Mass Index in Master Athletes: Review of the Literature. Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 8(2), 79–98. https://doi.org/10.15280/jlm.2018.8.2.79
Zamparo, P., Capelli, C., & Pendergast, D. (2011). Energetics of swimming: A historical perspective. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 111(3), 367–378. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-010-1433-7
Published
2026-03-17
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