AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN SCREEN TIME REMAJA DI KOTA SURABAYA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Abstract
COVID-19 has changed many patterns of human life in various parts of the world, including social restrictions that have implications for the closure of schools and sports facilities. This study aims to identify physical activity and screen time among adolescents in Surabaya during the COVID-19 pandemic. A quantitative descriptive design using a survey method was used in this study. The research sample consisted of 246 teenagers in the city of Surabaya using a purposive random sampling technique. The data collection technique was carried out using an online questionnaire. This study revealed decreased physical activity and increased screen time, which is dominated by young women in Surabaya during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is needed the role of various parties from the government, health agencies, and parents to promote and help children to stay active and balance physical activity as well as the use of daily screen time in maintaining fitness, increasing body immunity and work productivity, preventing obesity and cardiovascular disease during COVID-19 pandemic.
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References
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Boers, E., Afzali, M. H., Newton, N., & Conrod, P. (2019). Association of Screen Time and Depression in Adolescence. JAMA Pediatrics, 173(9), 853–859. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.1759
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Castañeda-Babarro, A., Coca, A., Arbillaga-Etxarri, A., & Gutiérrez-Santamaría, B. (2020). Physical activity change during COVID-19 confinement. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186878
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Dunton, G. F., Do, B., & Wang, S. D. (2020). Early effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity and sedentary behavior in children living in the U.S. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1351. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09429-3
Dwyer, M. J., Pasini, M., De Dominicis, S., & Righi, E. (2020). Physical activity: Benefits and challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13710
Ganne, P., Najeeb, S., Chaitanya, G., Sharma, A., & Krishnappa, N. C. (2020). Digital Eye Strain Epidemic amid COVID-19 Pandemic–A Cross-sectional Survey. Ophthalmic Epidemiology, 00(00), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2020.1862243
Hablaini, S., Lestari, R. F., & Niriyah, S. (2020). Hubungan Penggunaan Gadget Dengan Kuantitas Dan Kualitas Tidur Pada Anak Sekolah (Kelas Iv Dan V) Di Sd Negeri 182 Kota Pekanbaru. Jurnal Keperawatan Abdurrab, 4(1), 26–37. https://doi.org/10.36341/jka.v4i1.1252
Hill, D., Ameenuddin, N., Chassiakos, Y. R., Cross, C., Radesky, J., Hutchinson, J., … Swanson, W. S. (2016). Media use in school-aged children and adolescents. Pediatrics, 138(5), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-2592
Janssen, I., & LeBlanc, A. G. (2010). Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-aged children and youth. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 7(1), 40. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-7-40
Jiao, W. Y., Wang, L. N., Liu, J., Fang, S. F., Jiao, F. Y., Pettoello-Mantovani, M., & Somekh, E. (2020). Behavioral and Emotional Disorders in Children during the COVID-19 Epidemic. The Journal of Pediatrics, 221, 264-266.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.03.013
Kohl, H. W., Craig, C. L., Lambert, E. V., Inoue, S., Alkandari, J. R., Leetongin, G., … Wells, J. C. (2012). The pandemic of physical inactivity: Global action for public health. The Lancet, 380(9838), 294–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60898-8
Kumala, A. M., Rahadiyanti, A., & Margawati, A. (2019). Hubungan antara durasi penggunaan alat elektronik, aktifi5tas fisik dan pola makan dengan status gizi pada remaja usia 13-15 tahun. Journal of Nutrition College, 8(2), 73–80.
McCloskey, B., Zumla, A., Ippolito, G., Blumberg, L., Arbon, P., Cicero, A., … Borodina, M. (2020). Mass gathering events and reducing further global spread of COVID-19: A political and public health dilemma. Lancet (London, England), 395(10230), 1096–1099. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30681-4
MSP. (2020). Physical Activity and COVID-19. Retrieved from https://www.surveymonkey.co.uk/r/DQKCD5Y
OECD. (2020). The Territorial Impact of COVID-19: Managing the Crisis across Levels of Government—OECD. Retrieved March 17, 2021, from https://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/view/?ref=128_128287-5agkkojaaa&title=The-territorial-impact-of-covid-19-managing-the-crisis-across-levels-of-government
Pereira, S. M., Ki, M., & Power, C. (2012). Sedentary behaviour and biomarkers for cardiovascular disease and diabetes in mid-life: The role of television-viewing and sitting at work. PLoS ONE, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0031132
Pfeifer, K., & Rütten, A. (2017). National Recommendations for Physical Activity and Physical Activity Promotion. In Das Gesundheitswesen (Vol. 79). https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-123346
Qin, F., Song, Y., Nassis, G. P., Zhao, L., Dong, Y., Zhao, C., … Zhao, J. (2020). Physical Activity, Screen Time, and Emotional Well-Being during the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(14). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145170
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Rohayani, F. (2020). Menjawab Problematika Yang Dihadapi Anak Usia Dini di Masa. Qawwam: Journal For Gender Mainstreaming. https://doi.org/10.20414/Qawwam.v14i1.2310
Satuan Tugas Penanganan COVID-19. (2021). Peta Sebaran COVID-19 | Covid19.go.id. Retrieved April 1, 2021, from https://covid19.go.id/peta-sebaran-covid19
Schmidt, S. C. E., Anedda, B., Burchartz, A., Eichsteller, A., Kolb, S., Nigg, C., … Woll, A. (2020). Physical activity and screen time of children and adolescents before and during the COVID-19 lockdown in Germany: A natural experiment. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 21780. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78438-4
Sirard, J. R., Bruening, M., Wall, M. M., Eisenberg, M. E., Kim, S. K., & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2013). Physical activity and screen time in adolescents and their friends. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 44(1), 48–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2012.09.054
Tan, V. P., Macdonald, H. M., Kim, S., Nettlefold, L., Gabel, L., Ashe, M. C., & McKay, H. A. (2014). Influence of Physical Activity on Bone Strength in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis: INFLUENCE OF PA ON BONE STRENGTH IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 29(10), 2161–2181. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.2254
Unesco. (2020, March 26). UNESCO rallies international organizations, civil society and private sector partners in a broad Coalition to ensure #LearningNeverStops. Retrieved March 17, 2021, from UNESCO website: https://en.unesco.org/news/unesco-rallies-international-organizations-civil-society-and-private-sector-partners-broad
Utami, N. P., Purba, M. Br., & Huriyati, E. (2018). Paparan Screen Time Hubungannya Dengan Obesitas Pada Remaja Smp Di Kota Yogyakarta. Jurnal Dunia Gizi, 1(2), 71–78.
Vyas, L., & Butakhieo, N. (2021). The impact of working from home during COVID-19 on work and life domains: An exploratory study on Hong Kong. Policy Design and Practice, 4(1), 59–76. https://doi.org/10.1080/25741292.2020.1863560
WHO. (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241599979
WHO. (2020a). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Staying active. Retrieved April 1, 2021, from https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19-staying-active
WHO. (2020b). Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): Situation report, 3. World Health Organization. Retrieved from World Health Organization website: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/330762
WHO. (2020c). Physical activity. Retrieved April 1, 2021, from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity
WHO. (2020d). WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard—Situation by Country, Territory & Area. Retrieved from https://covid19.who.int/table
Wijndaele, K., Brage, S., Besson, H., Khaw, K. T., Sharp, S. J., Luben, R., … Ekelund, U. (2011). Television viewing and incident cardiovascular disease: Prospective associations and mediation analysis in the EPIC norfolk study. PLoS ONE, 6(5), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0020058
Woods, J. A., Hutchinson, N. T., Powers, S. K., Roberts, W. O., Gomez-Cabrera, M. C., Radak, Z., … Ji, L. L. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic and physical activity. Sports Medicine and Health Science, 2(2), 55–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smhs.2020.05.006
Xiang, M., Zhang, Z., & Kuwahara, K. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents’ lifestyle behavior larger than expected. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 63(4), 531–532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.04.013
Zheng, C., Huang, W. Y., Sheridan, S., Sit, C. H. P., Chen, X. K., & Wong, S. H. S. (2020). Covid-19 pandemic brings a sedentary lifestyle in young adults: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(17), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176035
Barwais, F. A. (2020). Physical Activity at Home During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Two Most-affected Cities in Saudi Arabia. The Open Public Health Journal, 13(1), 470–476. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874944502013010470
Baso, Miranda C; Langi, Fima L.F.G; Sekeon, S. A. S. (2019). Hubungan Antara Aktivitas Fisik Dengan Kualitas Tidur Pada Remaja Di Sma Negeri 9 Manado. Kesmas, 7(5), 5–10.
Bassetti, M., Vena, A., & Giacobbe, D. R. (2020). The novel Chinese coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infections: Challenges for fighting the storm. European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 50(3), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.13209
Biddle, S. J. H., Ciaccioni, S., Thomas, G., & Vergeer, I. (2019). Physical activity and mental health in children and adolescents: An updated review of reviews and an analysis of causality. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 42, 146–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.08.011
Boers, E., Afzali, M. H., Newton, N., & Conrod, P. (2019). Association of Screen Time and Depression in Adolescence. JAMA Pediatrics, 173(9), 853–859. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.1759
Carter, D. D., Robinson, K., Forbes, J., & Hayes, S. (2018). Experiences of mobile health in promoting physical activity: A qualitative systematic review and meta-ethnography. In PLoS ONE (Vol. 13). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208759
Castañeda-Babarro, A., Coca, A., Arbillaga-Etxarri, A., & Gutiérrez-Santamaría, B. (2020). Physical activity change during COVID-19 confinement. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186878
CDC. (2021, February 22). Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) – Symptoms. Retrieved March 17, 2021, from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html
CNN. (2020). Kilas Balik Pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia. Retrieved April 1, 2021, from https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20201110123516-25-568018/kilas-balik-pandemi-covid-19-di-indonesia
Colley, R. C., Bushnik, T., & Langlois, K. (2020). Exercise and screen time during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health Reports, 31(6), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.25318/82-003-x202000600001-eng
Condello, G., Puggina, A., Aleksovska, K., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., … Boccia, S. (2017). Behavioral determinants of physical activity across the life course: A “DEterminants of DIet and Physical ACtivity” (DEDIPAC) umbrella systematic literature review. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0510-2
Djalante, R., Lassa, J., Setiamarga, D., Sudjatma, A., Indrawan, M., Haryanto, B., … Warsilah, H. (2020). Review and analysis of current responses to COVID-19 in Indonesia: Period of January to March 2020. Progress in Disaster Science, 6, 100091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdisas.2020.100091
Dunton, G. F., Do, B., & Wang, S. D. (2020). Early effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity and sedentary behavior in children living in the U.S. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1351. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09429-3
Dwyer, M. J., Pasini, M., De Dominicis, S., & Righi, E. (2020). Physical activity: Benefits and challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13710
Ganne, P., Najeeb, S., Chaitanya, G., Sharma, A., & Krishnappa, N. C. (2020). Digital Eye Strain Epidemic amid COVID-19 Pandemic–A Cross-sectional Survey. Ophthalmic Epidemiology, 00(00), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2020.1862243
Hablaini, S., Lestari, R. F., & Niriyah, S. (2020). Hubungan Penggunaan Gadget Dengan Kuantitas Dan Kualitas Tidur Pada Anak Sekolah (Kelas Iv Dan V) Di Sd Negeri 182 Kota Pekanbaru. Jurnal Keperawatan Abdurrab, 4(1), 26–37. https://doi.org/10.36341/jka.v4i1.1252
Hill, D., Ameenuddin, N., Chassiakos, Y. R., Cross, C., Radesky, J., Hutchinson, J., … Swanson, W. S. (2016). Media use in school-aged children and adolescents. Pediatrics, 138(5), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-2592
Janssen, I., & LeBlanc, A. G. (2010). Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-aged children and youth. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 7(1), 40. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-7-40
Jiao, W. Y., Wang, L. N., Liu, J., Fang, S. F., Jiao, F. Y., Pettoello-Mantovani, M., & Somekh, E. (2020). Behavioral and Emotional Disorders in Children during the COVID-19 Epidemic. The Journal of Pediatrics, 221, 264-266.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.03.013
Kohl, H. W., Craig, C. L., Lambert, E. V., Inoue, S., Alkandari, J. R., Leetongin, G., … Wells, J. C. (2012). The pandemic of physical inactivity: Global action for public health. The Lancet, 380(9838), 294–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60898-8
Kumala, A. M., Rahadiyanti, A., & Margawati, A. (2019). Hubungan antara durasi penggunaan alat elektronik, aktifi5tas fisik dan pola makan dengan status gizi pada remaja usia 13-15 tahun. Journal of Nutrition College, 8(2), 73–80.
McCloskey, B., Zumla, A., Ippolito, G., Blumberg, L., Arbon, P., Cicero, A., … Borodina, M. (2020). Mass gathering events and reducing further global spread of COVID-19: A political and public health dilemma. Lancet (London, England), 395(10230), 1096–1099. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30681-4
MSP. (2020). Physical Activity and COVID-19. Retrieved from https://www.surveymonkey.co.uk/r/DQKCD5Y
OECD. (2020). The Territorial Impact of COVID-19: Managing the Crisis across Levels of Government—OECD. Retrieved March 17, 2021, from https://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/view/?ref=128_128287-5agkkojaaa&title=The-territorial-impact-of-covid-19-managing-the-crisis-across-levels-of-government
Pereira, S. M., Ki, M., & Power, C. (2012). Sedentary behaviour and biomarkers for cardiovascular disease and diabetes in mid-life: The role of television-viewing and sitting at work. PLoS ONE, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0031132
Pfeifer, K., & Rütten, A. (2017). National Recommendations for Physical Activity and Physical Activity Promotion. In Das Gesundheitswesen (Vol. 79). https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-123346
Qin, F., Song, Y., Nassis, G. P., Zhao, L., Dong, Y., Zhao, C., … Zhao, J. (2020). Physical Activity, Screen Time, and Emotional Well-Being during the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(14). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145170
Rawal, U. D. (2020, June 16). Gadget addiction among children during lockdown a cause of concern: Study. Retrieved March 17, 2021, from Hindustan Times website: https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/gadget-addiction-among-children-during-lockdown-a-cause-of-concern-study/story-2Y2HmdPNnEVtZC6NBJWdzN.html
Rohayani, F. (2020). Menjawab Problematika Yang Dihadapi Anak Usia Dini di Masa. Qawwam: Journal For Gender Mainstreaming. https://doi.org/10.20414/Qawwam.v14i1.2310
Satuan Tugas Penanganan COVID-19. (2021). Peta Sebaran COVID-19 | Covid19.go.id. Retrieved April 1, 2021, from https://covid19.go.id/peta-sebaran-covid19
Schmidt, S. C. E., Anedda, B., Burchartz, A., Eichsteller, A., Kolb, S., Nigg, C., … Woll, A. (2020). Physical activity and screen time of children and adolescents before and during the COVID-19 lockdown in Germany: A natural experiment. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 21780. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78438-4
Sirard, J. R., Bruening, M., Wall, M. M., Eisenberg, M. E., Kim, S. K., & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2013). Physical activity and screen time in adolescents and their friends. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 44(1), 48–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2012.09.054
Tan, V. P., Macdonald, H. M., Kim, S., Nettlefold, L., Gabel, L., Ashe, M. C., & McKay, H. A. (2014). Influence of Physical Activity on Bone Strength in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis: INFLUENCE OF PA ON BONE STRENGTH IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 29(10), 2161–2181. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.2254
Unesco. (2020, March 26). UNESCO rallies international organizations, civil society and private sector partners in a broad Coalition to ensure #LearningNeverStops. Retrieved March 17, 2021, from UNESCO website: https://en.unesco.org/news/unesco-rallies-international-organizations-civil-society-and-private-sector-partners-broad
Utami, N. P., Purba, M. Br., & Huriyati, E. (2018). Paparan Screen Time Hubungannya Dengan Obesitas Pada Remaja Smp Di Kota Yogyakarta. Jurnal Dunia Gizi, 1(2), 71–78.
Vyas, L., & Butakhieo, N. (2021). The impact of working from home during COVID-19 on work and life domains: An exploratory study on Hong Kong. Policy Design and Practice, 4(1), 59–76. https://doi.org/10.1080/25741292.2020.1863560
WHO. (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241599979
WHO. (2020a). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Staying active. Retrieved April 1, 2021, from https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19-staying-active
WHO. (2020b). Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): Situation report, 3. World Health Organization. Retrieved from World Health Organization website: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/330762
WHO. (2020c). Physical activity. Retrieved April 1, 2021, from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity
WHO. (2020d). WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard—Situation by Country, Territory & Area. Retrieved from https://covid19.who.int/table
Wijndaele, K., Brage, S., Besson, H., Khaw, K. T., Sharp, S. J., Luben, R., … Ekelund, U. (2011). Television viewing and incident cardiovascular disease: Prospective associations and mediation analysis in the EPIC norfolk study. PLoS ONE, 6(5), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0020058
Woods, J. A., Hutchinson, N. T., Powers, S. K., Roberts, W. O., Gomez-Cabrera, M. C., Radak, Z., … Ji, L. L. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic and physical activity. Sports Medicine and Health Science, 2(2), 55–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smhs.2020.05.006
Xiang, M., Zhang, Z., & Kuwahara, K. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents’ lifestyle behavior larger than expected. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 63(4), 531–532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.04.013
Zheng, C., Huang, W. Y., Sheridan, S., Sit, C. H. P., Chen, X. K., & Wong, S. H. S. (2020). Covid-19 pandemic brings a sedentary lifestyle in young adults: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(17), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176035
Published
2021-09-30
Section
Artikel
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